Analysis of BBS Factors and Development of Unsafe Action Guidelines at PT XYZ, Batam City

Abstract

Introduction: The oil and gas fabrication industry has a high occupational accident risk due to welding, heavy lifting, working at heights, and hazardous material exposure. Behavior-Based Safety (BBS) is applied to control unsafe behaviors through behavioral interventions. Objective: This study analyzed factors affecting unsafe action and developed prevention guidelines at PT XYZ, Batam City. Method: A cross-sectional mixed-method study involved 46 workers selected through total sampling. Data were analyzed using univariate, Chi-Square, and multiple logistic regression analyses. Results and Discussion: Predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors were significantly associated with unsafe action (p = 0.039). Predisposing factor was the most dominant predictor (Wald = 5.281; B = −0.506; p = 0.022; OR = 0.603; 95% CI = 0.392–0.928), indicating a 39.7% reduction in unsafe action risk. Conclusion: Strengthening knowledge, attitudes, and OHS training is essential for developing BBS-based unsafe action prevention guidelines and improving workplace safety practices.